托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析
时间：2021-07-02 13:47:06
托福阅读中有一种题型会要求大家概括解释某个段落或是某个长难句，并给出选项让大家选择，今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析。希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析
托福阅读中的paraphrase问题如何应对?
在托福阅读中，还有一类题型经常出现，那就是paraphrase。
这类问题需要大家在给出的选项选择与文章中的长难句意义相近的一句话。
这类问题还是有一定难度的，因为选项中存在一些干扰项。
那么这类问题有哪些解题技巧呢?
Strategies to answer this question：
1. 划分句子主谓宾，充分理解句子意思;
2. 将句子大意用自己的话复述一遍，简化句子成分;
3. 看问题选项中有没有跟刚复述的句子意义相似的句子;
4. 选出正确答案后，看一下其他错误选项。这些错误选项有的意思跟原文不同，有的漏掉了原文中的重要内容。找出这些错误，确保万无一失。
Example:
大家先来看一个例子：
Rather than sell the painting, which is most likely worth millions of dollars, the Jesuits decided to make it available to the nation of Ireland for viewing. Thus, the painting is on “indefinite loan” to the National Gallery of Ireland. Nevertheless, the painting continues its travels as it features in exhibitions around the world, from the United States to Amsterdam.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?
a. The National Gallery of Ireland now owns the painting.
b. The National Gallery of Ireland bought the painting from the Jesuits.
c. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting, but the Jesuits still own it.
d. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting as long as they allow it to travel.
想要回答正确，就要准确理解文中indefinite loan的意思。"Loan”可以理解为an object is being lent，那么这句话的意思就很明白了。尽管爱尔兰国家画廊展出了这幅画，但他的所有者仍是Jesuits。
这样就可以排除A项跟B项。D项应改为：while the gallery can display the painting—this is not contingent upon it traveling.
托福考试阅读长难句解析指导
Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible by piecing together bits of historical evidence, such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries’ records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists dating back to thefifteenth century. ( TPO43, 48)
piece v.拼凑，组装
大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解
Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible (by piecing together bits of historical evidence),(such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries’ records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists) (dating back to the fifteenth century). (TPO43,48)
托福阅读长难句分析：
这个句子的主干是：
Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible
修饰一：(by piecing together bits of historical evidence) ，介词短语
中文：通过拼凑很多小的历史证据
修饰二：(such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries’ records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists) ，介词短语
中文：例如海面温度记录、气压和降水的日常观察，南美洲渔业记录以及西班牙殖民者的作品。
修饰三：(dating back to the fifteenth century)，非谓语动词
中文：追溯到15世纪
托福阅读长难句参考翻译：
科学家们通过拼凑很多小的历史证据，来试图尽可能多地记录过去的厄尔尼诺现象，例如海面温度记录、气压和降水的日常观察，南美洲渔业记录，以及追溯到15世纪的西班牙殖民者的作品。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词和介词，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福考试阅读长难句解析指导
29. But as more and more accumulations of strata were cataloged in more and more places, it became clear that the sequences of rocks sometimes differed from region to region and that no rock type was ever going to become a reliable time marker throughout the world. (TPO 6 William Smith)
托福阅读长难句句子分析
本句的主句是it became clear，而as引导的则是时间状语从句，表示“随着……”。主句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面两个that引导的名词性从句，也就是主语从句，它们也是本句理解的重点所在。
托福阅读词汇精记
strata表示“地层”，它的单数形式是stratum。
sequences of rocks指的是“岩层顺序”。
catalog也可拼作catalogue(英式拼法)，作动词时，表示“把……编目分类”, 比如：He catalogued all the insects in his collection. 他把所收集到的昆虫编目分类。catalog也可以作名词，表示“商品目录或购物指南”。
differ from sth. to sth.，表示“从……到……不同”，可以借鉴到写作中， 比如：The attitude toward shopping online differs from person to person. 对于网上购物，不同的人有着不同的态度。
托福阅读长难句参考译文
但是，随着越来越多的地方出现日益增多的地层分类，清晰的事实表明：有时岩层顺序是因地区不同而发生变化，全世界还没有一种岩层能成为可靠的地质年代的标志。
托福考试阅读长难句解析
Their competition and collaboration werecreating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with theintroduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s.
记忆单词：
competition n.比赛
competitor n.参赛者
competent adj.有能力的
competence n.能力
collaboration n.合作
collaborate v.合作
commercial adj.商业的
commodity n.商品
理解句子：
此句结构清晰，划线部分为分词作状语。
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